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KMID : 1170320240300010021
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Korean Journal of Health Economics and Policy
2024 Volume.30 No. 1 p.21 ~ p.50
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A study on the socioeconomic cost and policy priority of health risk factors
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Ra Gyu-Won
Ghang Ha-Ryeom
Eom Tae-Rim
Lee Sun-Mi
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Abstract
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As the burden of chronic disease is growing and the population is aging rapidly, there are various national and regional efforts to improve health behavior. However, the national indicators of health risk factors do not show improvements anymore and some are even worsening. Therefore, the objective of this study was to estimate the socioeconomic cost of health risk factors, such as smoking, alcohol drinking, and obesity over the past five years (2017-2021) and to identify most harmful factors and the population group in order to help policy makers set evidence based priority in health promoting policy. This study reflects the latest trend of the lifestyle and health behavior of the national population, and a new trend after the COVID-19 pandemic was able to be identified. The cost trend attributable to smoking and alcohol drinking was decreased or stalled, but the cost attributable to obesity increased substantially from 2019 to 2020, accounting for the largest part of the total burden. To make it worse, the increasing rate of cost attributable to obesity is higher than any other factors, and the medical expenditure comprises the most. Because of this trend the burden of health insurance expenditure attributable to obesity is expected to grow more in near future. Therefore, policies for obesity prevention and management are needed to be reviewed and implemented.
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KEYWORD
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smoking, alcohol, obesity, socioeconomic cost, policy priority
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